Landlord guide
Gas Safety Certificate for Landlords UK 2026: CP12 Rules, Costs & Fines
Reviewed by a qualified UK housing solicitor • Updated: May 2026
Sources: GOV.UK, Shelter England, NRLA, Citizens Advice
Reading time: ~7 min
Every let property with gas appliances or pipework in England, Scotland or Wales must have a Gas Safety Certificate (CP12) issued annually by a Gas Safe registered engineer. Missing it can mean a £6,000 fine and a criminal record.
What Is a Gas Safety Certificate (CP12)?
A Landlord Gas Safety Record, often called a CP12, covering every flue, gas appliance and the gas pipework. Only a Gas Safe registered engineer can carry it out — DIY is illegal.
What the Check Covers
All gas appliances (boiler, hob, fire), flues and the gas pipework. The engineer checks for safe operation, ventilation, flue performance and leaks.
Giving the Certificate to Tenants
New tenants: before they move in. Existing tenants: within 28 days of the inspection. Keep records for at least two years.
What Happens If It Expires
You cannot serve most Section 8 notices. The Health and Safety Executive can prosecute. Civil penalties up to £6,000 per offence.
How Much Does a Gas Safety Check Cost?
Typically £60–£120, depending on region and number of appliances. London and the South East are at the higher end.
Keeping Records
Retain the CP12 and any remedial work invoices for at least 2 years.
Frequently asked questions
Can I do the gas safety check myself?+
No. Only a Gas Safe registered engineer can carry out the work — it is a criminal offence otherwise.
What if the tenant refuses access?+
Document every access attempt in writing. The HSE recognises that landlords must make reasonable attempts; ultimately you may need to apply for injunctive access.
Does a new build need a gas safety check?+
Yes — annually from the first letting, even if newly commissioned.
Do I need a gas safety check if there's no gas?+
No. The duty only arises if there are gas appliances or pipework.
What is the fine for not having a gas safety certificate?+
Up to £6,000 per breach plus potential criminal prosecution under the Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998.